ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF HEAT ACCUMULATORS BASED ON ENVIRONMENTALLY CLEAN STORAGE MATERIALS IN THE HEATING SYSTEM OF A PUBLIC

Анотація

    Buildings are one of the main consumers of energy resources in a number of countries of the world and in Europe in particular. Ukraine is no exception. Climatic conditions in our country are characterized by a long heating period, during which, of the total amount of energy consumed, which is about 43% of the generated thermal energy, 90% is spent precisely on covering heating needs [1]. Since most of the buildings in Ukraine belong to the mass construction structures of the 80s, during the construction of which the emphasis was placed on the cost of construction with minimal capital costs without taking into account operating costs. Therefore, 80% of the buildings constructed at that time do not meet modern energy efficiency requirements [2, 3]. The period from the 1990s to today is characterized by a constant increase in energy prices, which was caused by the global economic and energy crises in different years. The answer to these challenges in the world was the increase in requirements for the energy efficiency of buildings and their engineering systems at the national level of various countries. According to the European regulations Directive 2010/31/EU and Directive 2012/27/EU, updated in 2018 and 2019 respectively, the countries of the European Union must use national energy efficiency requirements. Over the past decade, Ukraine has raised the requirements for the minimum level of energy efficiency several times in accordance with the established methods of achieving them [4, 5]. Thus, as of September 1, 2022, new, stricter requirements for the heat transfer resistance of building enclosing structures [2] were put into effect, which is a necessary but late response to similar trends in the world.